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Debator

Debator
  1. Propose, at least two subjects and oppose at least two others subjects in properly conducted debates.
  2. Participate in debate, in the presence of the examiner for at least five minutes of subject under discussion having prepared the subject thoroughly and submitted concise and orderly notes of his speech.
  3. Know ordinary rules of debate, duties and powers of the chairman.
  4. Know how to chair a debate.
  5. Be able to lead a discussion successfully in a group.

Healthyman

Healthyman
  1. Know the importance of the heart, lungs, skin, teeth, feet, stomach and the organs of special sense (eyes, ears and nose) keeping in good order, and principal danger to be guarded against.
  2. Give general rules of governing, eating, drinking, breathing, sleeping, cleanliness and exercise; give evidence of these rules for at least 12 months.
  3. Know the value of fresh air and how to keep rooms ventilated.
  4. Know the dangers incurred in use of tobacco, alcohol, opium and their intoxicating drugs, danger of over straining the body and of continual use of one form of exercise.
  5. Train a patrol in simple exercises suitable for all parts of the body and give reasons for each exercise.
     

Sea Fisherman

Sea Fisherman
  1. Have a practical knowledge of the various methods of catching sea fish for market by means of trawls,nets and lines and catching shell-fish; have practical experience of at least two of these methods.
  2. Be able to describe use of seine or trammel or trawl net and their construction, and make small repairs in a net.
  3. Know usual storm and distress signals.
  4. Know the correct name for usual fish caught in the locality.

Zepplin Bend

It's perhaps the best way to connect two ropes that there is. It's absolutely secure and jerk-resistant in all materials. It's also remarkably easy to untie after use.

Water Bowline

When a rope has to be pulled through water, any knot has a tendency to tighten and jam. In the case of a Bowline, an extra hitch as shown will lessen this tendency.

Weaver's Knot

A weaver frequently has to tie knots and many different ones have been used by him. The one shown here is the one most frequently known by this name: it is the Sheet Bend but tied in a special and rapid manner originally peculiar to the weaver.

Wall Knot

A knot worked in the end of a rope with the unlaid strands. Occasionally used on its own as a Rope End Knot but more often as part of a more complex knot, e.g., the Man Rope Knot, etc. It is the exact opposite of a Crown Knot

Turk's Head

The Turk's Head is, more accurately, a system rather than just a knot, generally tubular in form, decorative and very useful. Basically a binding knot, but can be worked flat for decorative purposes. Can be made with separate strands (Standing Turk's Heads) or with a single, continuous strand (Running Turk's Head).

Tom Fool Knot

This is sometimes considered as a Handcuff Knot but is somewhat inferior for this purpose to the knot which usually bears that name. It is a good knot with which to commence a slightly fancy Sheepshank. It is also used as a trick knot (it can be tied in a flash in almost a single movement) and is sometimes called the Conjurer's Knot.

Timber Hitch

One of the simplest yet most effective of hitches. Used on spars, bales, etc., for commencing a diagonal lashing, and with extra half hitches added, for towing or dragging, etc.

Tucked Bend

Also called the Tucked Splice. When two ends of small stuff have to be joined together in the middle of a job, such as a serving, a knot might be too bulky. The Tucked Bend bulks less than a Reef Knot and is useful for such purposes.

Thief Knot

A variation of the Reef Knot in which the ends are on opposite sides. Useless but interesting owing to the legend that it was made by sailors to catch thieves who presumably assumed it to be a Reef Knot.

True Lover's Knot

There are a number of knots which have been given this name from time to time, including the Middleman's Knot, but the one shown here, also known as the Shamrock Knot, appears to have the best claim to the title. It is also known in the Far East where it is often found on Chinese Priest Cords

Tarbuck Knot

A loop knot used in climbing and mountaineering and intended primarily for nylon ropes. Usually attached to a karabiner on the waist loop. Named by its inventor, the well known British climber.

Surgeon's Knot

This is a variation of the Reef Knot in which an extra turn is taken at the start to help prevent the knot from tending to loosen while being completed. Used by surgeons for tying a ligature and by us for parcels, etc.

Sheet Bend

The most useful and practical knot for bending (tying) two ropes together. Note that to be correct the two ends should be on the same side of the knot. If the two ropes differ in thickness, a Double Sheet Bend should be used.

Sheepshank

A knot tied in the bight for shortening a rope or taking up the slack, without cutting it. It can also be used to protect a weak, damaged or frayed section of the rope. See also Tom Fool Knot.

Spanish Bowline

A double loop knot that is tied in the bight in which the two loops are splayed. Formerly used at sea for lowering a man from a height, or raising him aloft.

Slippery Hitch

A method of securing a load temporarily and ready for instant casting off, in which a bight is simply held by the tension on the standing part. Not to be confused with a Slipped Hitch.

Scaffold Hitch

A first-class method of slinging a plank to make a platform for such purposes as painting, etc.

Sailor's Hitch

Draws up without working to form a strong, secure hitch that will not jam. It may be used as a way to tie a smaller rope to a very large rope. (The smaller rope should pull left when tied as shown here.) Push a bight through the final tuck to form a Slipped Sailor's Hitch.

Running Bowline

The knot which was universally used at sea whenever a noose was needed. Useful for commencing to tie a parcel.

Round Turn and Two Half Hitches

Bearing in mind the definitions, the name is self- explanatory. A good hitch in almost all circumstances.

Reef Knot

The best known and most useful parcel knot. It should preferably only be tied with the two ends of the same material, but should never be used as a bend. It is the best knot for tying a triangular bandage.

Rolling Hitch

A knot used to fasten a small rope to a larger one when the pull is at an acute angle. Used, for example, for hauling a tow rope by means of a thrown line. See also Magnus Hitch.

Racking Bend Racking Bend

When two ropes of widely different thicknesses have to be bent together, the conventional bends are virtually useless. The Racking Bend, however, serves the purpose excellently.

Quipus

The Incas in Peru built and goverend well a huge empire but never discovered the art of reading and writing. They evolved, however, a decimal system of numbers by which records of every conceivable nature were kept. This decimal system was operated by means of knots on lengths of cord of various colours which were known as Quipus.

Prusik Knot

A knot used by climbers. It is made with a strop (endless loop, either spliced or tied) round the main climbing rope and the loop clipped into a karabiner on the climber's waist band. It can be loosened and slid along the rope to vary its position.

Portuguese Bowline

There is some doubt as to which is the Portuguese and which is the French Bowline, or whether they are they same knot. Ashley gives the one shown here. It is an excellent double knot for rescue work or as a Boatswain's Chair, made in the end of the rope.

Overhand Knot

Also called the Simple Knot, Common Knot, Thumb Knot, etc. It is the simplest knot form, secure but weakening the rope considerably and should only be used in small stuff. The Figure-of- Eight Knot is to be preferred.

Overhand Bend

Also called the Thumb Knot. Expedient as a bend, secure but weakening to the rope. It is the knot tied by a mechanical binder.

Simple Noose

The Simple Noose or Noose Knot is simply an Overhand Knot but with the final tuck made with a bight instead of an end.. A Noose made with a base of the Figure-of- Eight Knot is to be preferred. See also the Running Bowline.

Matthew Walker

Matthew Walker and Double Matthew Walker -Probably the best and most useful of the multi- strand rope end knots. It is claimed that the unknown Matthew Walker is the only man to have a knot named after him.

Marlingspike Hitch

A temporay hitch made with a Marlingspike, or a tent peg, etc., when extra strain is needed to heave a small rope taut, as, for example, the turns of lashings or seizings. Also used on occasion in Sheepshanks or Harvester's Hitch.

Monkey's Fist

A knob knot at the end of a rope, usually made round a pebble or ball of lead, etc. It is the best heaving line knot, the heavy core in the knot giving it the weight to carry the mass of the line when thrown.

Man Rope Knot

A multi-strand knot in the end of a rope consisting of a Double Wall and Double Crown. Tied in the end of manropes and sideropes to provide a hand hold. It was properly made in four-strand rope and was often canvas covered.

Midshipman's Hitch

An excellent hitch that can be temporarily or permanently made. When used to make a loop, it can be slid to adjust the loop for size. A good knot to know if you have fallen in the sea and a rope is tossed to you. Also useful as a Guyline Hitch or to substitute for a broken slider on a guyline. It is identical in form to the Rolling Hitch.

Man Harness Knot

Also called the Artillery Knot. A loop knot tied in the bight through which an arm can be put up to the shoulder to assist in hauling, while leaving the hands free. Formerly used on gun carriages, one end of the rope being fastenend to a ring on the end of the axle.

Middleman's Knot

Also called the Englishman's Loop (in America) the Fisherman's or Angler's Loop, and it is one of the several knots known as True Lover's Knot. It is a useful loop knot tied in the bight by one of at least four different methods. Once much used for the middleman on a rope in climbing, but now superseded for this purpose by better knots such as the Alpine Butterfly.

Magnus Hitch

There is much confusion between the Magnus Hitch and the Rolling Hitch and some authorities consider them to be the same knot. It is sometimes accepted that the Magnus Hitch is the form used on spars while the Rolling Hitch is the form used for hitching one rope to another - generally a smaller one to a larger. In both forms the strain can be taken at an acute angle.

Lark's Head











A useful hitch, equally suitable for casks and bales, or keys, knives, whistles or just labels and tags. Can be tied in the bight or with an end. Also known as Cow Hitch, Ring Hitch or, if in a sling, Bale Sling Hitch.

Linesman's Loop

An excellent loop knot tied in the bight. It is superior to the Man Harness Knot or Middleman's Knot.

Lanyard Knot

Various knots have been given this name but the Lanyard Knot proper is a stopper knot in the end of a rope (rigging lanyards). The name is also given to decorative knots on the other type of lanyard, particularly the one shown here.

Killick Hitch

Killick Hitch or Kelleg Hitch - This is a Timber Hitch with a Half Hitch added, usually round a large stone or chunk of rock. Used by small ships on bottoms where an anchor might foul: also used for anchoring lobster pots, small boats, etc.

Jury Mast Knot

Originally used to put a strap round a temporary mast head to which stays could be made fast. Now more likely to be used for decorative purposes or perhaps at camp to hoist a food supply, etc. off the ground.

Jar Sling

A knot for slinging or carrying a jug, bottle, har, etc., in fact anythinhg which has some form of lip or restriction. The neck or mouth is placed in the middle of the know and the ends pulled tight. This knot is also of interest since there are at least half-a-dozen separate and distinct ways of tying it.

Honda Knot

A knot for making a lasso: it produces the most nearly circular of all loop knots. It is made simply by putting a knotted end through an Overhand Knot. It is sometimes called the Bowstring Knot but present day archers prefer to use the Timber Hitch or else a bowstring with two permanent loops.

Harness Bend

A useful knot for small stuff in tying parcels, bales, etc. as it can be pulled tight and tied while under tension. It will not capsize and is very secure.

Hangman's Knot

This knot needs no definition. It is made with eight or nine turns and not thirteen as is often superstitiously suggested. Apart from its obvious function, it is a useful knot for the end of a lanyard.

Highwayman's Hitch


A most useful Draw Hitch for securing a horse, a boat, etc. or in self rescue work. The knot will take any amount of strain on the standing part but spills the moment the end is pulled. Legend has it that Dick Turpin used this knot on his nefarious errands: if in a hurry to escape, he just had to leap on his horse, Black Bess, at the same time snatching the end, when he was away
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